Kinds, things, and stuff: Mass terms and generics (review)
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منابع مشابه
Conceptual distinctions amongst generics.
Generic sentences (e.g., bare plural sentences such as "dogs have four legs" and "mosquitoes carry malaria") are used to talk about kinds of things. Three experiments investigated the conceptual foundations of generics as well as claims within the formal semantic approaches to generics concerning the roles of prevalence, cue validity and normalcy in licensing generics. Two classes of generic se...
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Semantic classes can be either things (objects with a well-defined shape, e.g. car, person) or stuff (amorphous background regions, e.g. grass, sky). While lots of classification and detection works focus on thing classes, less attention has been given to stuff classes. Nonetheless, stuff classes are important as they allow to explain important aspects of an image, including (1) scene type; (2)...
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Ceteris Paribus (cp-)laws may be said to hold only “other things equal,” signaling that their truth is compatible with a range of exceptions. Several theorists have suggested that because of this feature, these generalizations are semantically defective. Against these concerns, I argue that cp-laws are often stated using a special kind of construction found in natural language, generics, which,...
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Crabs are decapod crustaceans living in oceans, freshwater and on land. They are omnivorous scavengers and carnivores. Many of them are edible with tremendous aquaculture potentials. Crabbing in recent years increased rapidly due to nutritive value, and their need for local and international market. Different kinds of gears used for capture are sometimes baited with edible stuff. Catch could be...
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In the last few years, substantially different approaches have been adopted for segmenting and detecting “things” (object categories that have a well defined shape such as people and cars) and “stuff” (object categories which have an amorphous spatial extent such as grass and sky). This paper proposes a framework for scene understanding that relates both things and stuff by using a novel way of...
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